The AfterMatter

What Are Superconductors?

How will Physics change our world in the next 100 years? Today at The Aftermatter, we’re looking at how superconductors will revolutionise our power supplies, and the impacts this will have.

Physics, considered by many to be a boring, inane, number-crunching field, seems to be the least likely place to find magic. But the magic of today is the physics of the future: in the next 100 years it will alter so definitively our society that, if we were to visit it today, we would consider it impossible.

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Computers,
Music

Artificial Intelligence Composers: Can computers write music?

Music seems to be such a human thing, and, although as we’ve shown in our previous posts it does follow mathematical patterns, a computer couldn’t ever write good music could it? And if it could we’re miles off, right? Think again.

Much work has been done on Artificial Intelligence, particularly in Linguistics, but very little has been done in other, more creative areas, such as music. This is partly because it is difficult: there are no set rules to program; such programming would require great musical insight from the coder, and partly because of the emotional effect that music has on people.

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Theory Of Everything

What is the Theory of Everything? (Part 1)

How can a theory describe everything? Surely we already have theories for most things? And anyway, what actually is everything?

In this post, we will be explaining the concept of a Theory of Everything. What does it consist of, and what are the main challenges surrounding the formation of one? In future posts, we will be looking at the main candidates which could, one day, become the Theory of Everything.

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Computers,
Numbers

What Are Imaginary Numbers?

There is a lot of confusion around imaginary numbers. What exactly are they? If they’re not “real,” what’s the point of them? Surely you can’t just invent numbers? The Aftermatter shall explain all this and more…

So what exactly is an imaginary number? It is most commonly represented by the letter “i,” or in electronics as “j” (to avoid confusion with Current, which also has symbol “I” or “i”). “i” is normally known as the “imaginary unit,” and is a constant in algebra.

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What is Gravity? (2/2)

A couple of weeks ago, I wrote the first post on gravity. We found out what the fundamental rules that stated what objects in a gravitational field did. But there is a bigger question underlying all of it. What actually is gravity? How does it work?

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Music

What is Harmony?

A couple of weeks ago, we published a post called “What is music?” and had a flood of comments from people asking a follow up post. Here it is: (We recommend that you read the original post in order to help with you understanding of this one)

As we discussed in our last post on music, the Harmonic Series is a series of musical notes whose frequencies are integer multiples of the original note chosen, known as the fundamental frequency. Here are the first few harmonics:

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What is Gravity? (1/2)

We know we don’t fall off the Earth, but what is it that holds us on there? And how strong is it? If everyone in China jumped at the same time, what would happen?

Firstly, We think we should start by welcoming all our new followers. As you all will have realised, we post regularly, every Sunday, on a range of topics within maths and physics. These span from relativity and the nature of time to the maths of music. We hope you all will continue to visit the blog and read our posts, so now, lets get started:

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Music

What is Music?

We hear music all the time, but has it ever crossed your mind how it works? Why do pianos and guitars sound different, and some notes work together particularly well with others?

This might strike some of you as being somewhat irrelevant to this blog, but the connections with Maths and Physics are very deep-rooted; the very bases of sound and harmony are founded on Mathematics, and possibly the very essence of the Universe is founded upon Music.

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Particle Physics

What Are The Subatomic Particles?

So in school you learn atoms are the smallest particles, but then you find out that this can be broken down into protons, neutrons and electrons. However even those can be broken down further, but to what?

We live in an age where development in particle physics is powering along. Facilities like the Large Hadron Collider in CERN, Switzerland, are, as I write, colliding Protons together and analyzing the particles that are produced. So what are the looking for? Well firstly lets get a sense of scale. In the full stop at the end of this sentence, there are 7.5 trillion atoms. 99.9999999999999% of atoms are just empty space, so the particles we are going to be looking at can be 10^-20 meters small, so small in fact that we cannot even imagine being able to see them individually in a microscope for years. So now that we know that lets move onto the particles:

Time

What is Time?

Hello! This is Theo here for another post, on the nature of time. Does time exist? Why does it go one way? What about time travel?
Time is possibly one of the most baffling aspects of our universe. In the everyday world, it seems to be constant, stable, and relentless, yet as we have found out in the Irregularity of Time posts (1, 2, 3) on relativity, this is not always the case. In this post, I will talk about the question that has challenged scientists and philosophers from Plato to Hawking: what is time?

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A Physics and Maths Blog

Music seems to be such a human thing, and, although as we’ve shown in our previous posts it does follow mathematical patterns, a computer couldn’t ever write good music could it? And if it could we’re miles off, right? Think again.

How can a theory describe everything? Surely we already have theories for most things? And anyway, what actually is everything?

There is a lot of confusion around imaginary numbers. What exactly are they? If they’re not “real,” what’s the point of them? Surely you can’t just invent numbers? The Aftermatter shall explain all this and more…

A couple of weeks ago, I wrote the first post on gravity. We found out what the fundamental rules that stated what objects in a gravitational field did. But there is a bigger question underlying all of it. What actually is gravity? How does it work?

A couple of weeks ago, we published a post called “What is music?” and had a flood of comments from people asking a follow up post. Here it is: (We recommend that you read the original post in order to help with you understanding of this one)

We know we don’t fall off the Earth, but what is it that holds us on there? And how strong is it? If everyone in China jumped at the same time, what would happen?

So in school you learn atoms are the smallest particles, but then you find out that this can be broken down into protons, neutrons and electrons. However even those can be broken down further, but to what?